Types and characteristics of chemical fertilizer additives

Types and characteristics of chemical fertilizer additives

Research and development status of fertilizer efficiency enhancement technology

1 Nitrogen fertilizer synergist

(1) urease inhibitors

Urease inhibitors such as NBPT or NBTPT (n-butyl-phosphoryl-triamine), TPT (phosphoryl-triamine), HQ (hydroquinone), PT (phosphoryl-triamine), ATS (ammonium thiosulfate), P-benzoquinone (p-benzoquinone), etc. (Table 1), NBPT is more fully studied at present.

Table 1 Types and chemical names of urease inhibitors

Inhibitor variety	Chemical name
NBPT OR NBTPTInhibitor variety	N-(n-Butyl)thiophosphoric triamide
NBPTO OR NBPO	N-butyl thiophosphoramide
NBPO	Thiophosphate triamide
PPD/PPDA	Phenylphosphonediamine
TPT	Thiophosphoryl triamine
HQ	hydroquinone
PT	Phosphoryltriamine
ATS	Ammonium thiosulfate
P-benzoquinone	P-quinone
CHTPT	Cyclohexylthiophosphate triamide
CNTP	Cyclohexyl phosphate triamide
HACTP	hacylaminocyclotriphosphonitrile
N-halo-2-oxaxolidinone	N-halogen-2-zolidourene
NN-dihdo-2-imidazolidinone	Nn-dihalo2-imidazolidene

(2) nitrification inhibitors

Nitrification inhibitors such as Cepiyrin (Nitrapyrin), DMPP (3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate), DCD (dicyandiamide), Ammonium thiosulfate (ammonium thiosulfate salt) (Table 2). Such products are widely used.

Table 2 Types and chemical names of inhibitors of dinitrification

Inhibitor variety	Chemical name	Inhibitor variety	Chemical name
Nitrapyrin	Cepiril	DMPP	3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate
DCD	dicyandiamide	Ammonium thiosulfate	thiosulfate
CMP	1-methylpyrazole-1-carboxyamide	Potassium azide	Potassium azide
MP	3-methylpyrazole	Sodium azide	Sodium azide
Ethylene Urea	ethyleneurea	Coated calcium carbide	Coated with calcium carbonate
Terrazole	chlorazoline	2,5-dichloroaniline	2, 5-chloroaniline
AM/AT/ATC	4-aminotriazole	3-chloroacetanilide	3-acetanilide
Thiourea	thiourea	Toluene	toluene
C2H2	acetylene	Carbon disulphide	Carbon disulfide
2-ethynnylpyridine	2-acetylidene pyridine	Phenylacetylene	phenylacetylene
Sulfathiazole	sulfathiazole	2-propyn-1-ol	2-propylene-1-ol
Guanylthiourea	Amidinothiourea	AOL	Ammonia-oxidized lignin
1-amidino-2-thiourea	1-amidino2-thiourea	Phenylphosphoro diamidate	phenyl-phospho-diamide

(3) Nitration - urease inhibition class

This kind of synergist is a combination of nitration and urease inhibitor.

2 Phosphate fertilizer synergist

Phosphate fertilizer synergist, its main feature is that it contains a large number of negative ionic groups, so it can be competitive adsorption of cations around phosphate fertilizer, this role is not selective, so the amount is larger to play a role.

On alkaline soil, the effectiveness of phosphorus can also be improved through the acidity of the fertilizer itself, and some acidic fertilizers such as urea phosphate, red phosphorus, and phosphoric acid can also be called phosphate fertilizer synergists.

Phosphatase and phosphorylase can theoretically activate organophosphorus in soil. However, it mainly exists in organic fertilizers, so there is no commercial application case.

3. Poly-amino acid fertilizer additives

Polyglutamic acid and polyaspartate are the main poly-amino acid fertilizer additives. This kind of fertilizer additive has a wide range of effects, such as reducing fertilizer loss, enriching nutrients, improving fertilizer utilization, promoting crop root development and protein synthesis. They are the fermentation products of plant raw materials, belong to water-soluble polymer, and have strong chelating effect on metal elements. Therefore, the use of added to fertilizers can strengthen the absorption of trace elements such as zinc, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, boron and other functions of crops in fertilizers and soil. This kind of additive can be combined with urea and other fertilizers through a specific process, and can also be used in composite fertilizers.

4. Algin, chitin additives

Algin is an extract of deep-sea algae and chitin is a hydrolysate of crustacean shells.

Algin contains essential nutrients, natural minerals and growth regulators for plants, which can promote plant cell division and elongation, strengthen metabolism, accelerate root development, improve plant water and nutrient absorption capacity, enhance stress resistance, improve crop quality, and improve plant quality.Increase production. It also has the effect of raising crop stress resistance and inhibiting disease and insect pests.

Chitin can stimulate the synthesis and activation of chitinase and antibiotics in plant cells, induce all kinds of plants to produce resistance factors, effectively prevent and cure fungal and bacterial diseases and viruses, and effectively prevent and cure a series of fungal and bacterial diseases such as wilt, verticillium wilt, wheal-spot disease, down mildew, chardie disease, keratosis and soft rot. At the same time, because of the strong adsorption and passivation of plant viruses, it has a good effect on inhibiting proliferation and anti-infection of various Mosaic viruses.